Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Marrow Mastocytosis: Does It Affect Prognosis?

Sabbavarapu Padmasree, Monalisa Hui, Shantveer G Uppin, Megha S Uppin, Sadashivudu G and Tara Roshni Paul

Department of Pathology, Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, India
Department of Medical oncology, Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, India

^*Correspondance to: Tara Roshni Paul 

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Abstract:

Introduction: Mastocytosis can be associated with a hematological neoplasm of non mast cell lineage which is most commonly myeloid neoplasm. Diagnosis is difficult as the mast cell infiltrate can be subtle and masked by the associated malignancy. In this article, the cases of AML associated with marrow mastocytosis have been evaluated.Material and
Methods: The bone marrow at the time of initial presentation and post induction at follow up were evaluated in all the cases.Results: Of the 9 cases, the peripheral smear and bone marrow aspirate showed variable percentage of blasts. The aspirate smears showed prominence of mast cells in all the cases. Following therapy though the percentage of blasts reduced, the mast cells still persisted. Partial remission was noted in 4 cases and 2 cases relapsed even after attaining complete remission at 28th day of post induction. Cytogenetic studies showed t (8:21) translocation in 2 cases.Conclusion: Careful evaluation of bone marrow to look for coexisting mastocytosis at the time of initial diagnosis and post induction therapy is important to identify patients at risk as these patients are prone to frequent relapse or incomplete remission following therapy. Mastocytosis associated AML with t (8:21) translocation is extremely rare and carries a poor prognosis.

Keywords:

Mastocytosis; Acute myeloid leukemia; Relapse

Cite the Article:

Padmasree S, Hui M, Uppin SG, Uppin MS, Sadashivudu G, Paul TR. Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Marrow Mastocytosis: Does It Affect Prognosis? Clin Oncol. 2019; 4: 1581.