Exosomes: Secreted Membrane Micro Vesicles that Mediate Intracellular Communications

Jiahui Zhou, Xiangning Zhang, Ziyou Wang, Biying Zheng, Ingemar Ernberg, Zhiwei He and Zunan Huang

Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
Chinese American Collaborative Cancer Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

^*Correspondance to: Xiangning Zhang 

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Abstract:

Exosome is an nano-particle with diameter of 40-100nm, generated in endosomes with bioactive molecules incorporated into lipid bilayer envelope. The micro vesicles migrate and are fused with membrane, then released to intercellular space. The compositions of lipids, protein and microRNAs in exosomes exert different effects on the cells which capture the microparticles. They impact on the host immune response against viruses and tumors, and interactions between host and invading viruses, as manifested by facilitating or suppressing viral infection. The oncogenic proteins and miRNAs encoded by Epstein Barr virus contained in exosomes contribute to the transformation of the surrounding recipient cells, and exosomes containing genomic products of HIV faciliate or suppress the viral infection. In view of the action of immune regulation and combating invading pathogens, exosomes show promising in antitumor and antiviral vaccine development.

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Cite the Article:

Zhou J, Zhang X, Wang Z, Zheng B, Ernberg I, He Z, et al. Exosomes: Secreted Membrane Micro Vesicles that Mediate Intracellular Communications. Clin Oncol. 2016; 1: 1151.